Description

Bhirrana (also spelled Bhirdana or Birhana, IAST: Bhirḍāna) is an important archaeological site located in a small village in the Fatehabad district of Haryana, northern India. Excavations at Bhirrana revealed charcoal samples from its earliest layers, some dating back to the 8th–7th millennium BCE, making them older than the Indus Valley Civilization. Interestingly, these samples were found alongside Hakra Ware pottery, which is typically dated to the 4th millennium BCE at other sites. Additional charcoal remains from early layers have been dated to 3200–2600 BCE, and discoveries of smelted copper artefacts point to a Chalcolithic rather than Neolithic cultural phase.
The site lies along the seasonal Ghaggar River, which Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) experts identify as the post-Indus Valley Civilisation course of the Rigvedic Saraswati River, dated to around 1500 BCE.

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